By the numbers: specialized equipment freight types

When it comes to specialized equipment for oversized loads, the axles determine your legal load capacity. Federal, provincial and state laws set weight limits for oversized loads based on the type and number of axles, as well as the type of road. Adding axles lets you haul more weight, which is why heavy haul equipment comes in a variety of axle options. Where an axle is located, how many of them are near each other and their role all affects the weight they are legally allowed to support – and perhaps more importantly, the balance of the cargo on the trailer.

Per-axle weight limits vary by state, province and road type, but here are general guidelines based on federal restrictions:

• Steer axles: 12,000 lb. weight limit
• Single axles: 20,000 lb. weight limit
• Drive axles: 34,000 lb. weight limit
  • Must be in tandem setup to support maximum weight limit
• Tandem axles: 34,000 lb. weight limit
  • When two sets of wheels are positioned close together, within 5 ft. of each other
  • Generally referring to axles in the rear of the trailer

Accurate dimensions – length, height, width and weight – of the freight the client is looking to have transported is critical not only to securing the correct equipment but also to ensuring the equipment is configured correctly to support the size and weight.